[47] Most were killed in Argentina and other neighboring countries, with 36 of them having been killed in Uruguay. [99] El Da was the nation's most prestigious paper until its demise in the early 1990s, founded in 1886 by the Colorado party leader and (later) president Jos Batlle y Ordez. Officials of both countries emphasized the need to end this rivalry in the name of regional integration in 2010. A migration law passed in 2008 gives immigrants the same rights and opportunities that nationals have, with the requisite of proving a monthly income of $650. Casapueblo is a "livable sculpture" and draws thousands of visitors from around the world. [99] Uruguayans have access to more than 100 private daily and weekly newspapers, more than 100 radio stations, and some 20 terrestrial television channels, and cable TV is widely available. [142] Among the sizeable Armenian community in Montevideo, the dominant religion is Christianity, specifically Armenian Apostolic. Historical monuments such as Torres Garcia Museum as well as Estadio Centenario, which housed the first world cup in history, are examples. One of the effects of this high level of unionization was to reduce socio-economic inequalities. Na severovchod soused s Brazli (dlka hranice je 985 km) a na zpad s Argentinou (579 km). It is a word in Guarani that was spoken by the natives of the area. [52] Low commodity prices and economic difficulties in Uruguay's main export markets (starting in Brazil with the devaluation of the real, then in Argentina in 2002), caused a severe recession; the economy contracted by 11%, unemployment climbed to 21%, and the percentage of Uruguayans in poverty rose to over 30%. [100], Between the years 2007 and 2009, Uruguay was the only country in the Americas that did not technically experience a recession (two consecutive downward quarters). [34] The nation's first constitution was adopted on 18 July 1830.[32]. [116], Carrasco International Airport was initially inaugurated in 1947 and in 2009, Puerta del Sur, the airport owner and operator, with an investment of $165million, commissioned Rafael Violy Architects to expand and modernize the existing facilities with a spacious new passenger terminal to increase capacity and spur commercial growth and tourism in the region. [73] Each department elects its own authorities through a universal suffrage system. Though 90% of [72], Uruguay is a representative democratic republic with a presidential system. [28], In 1831 Fructuoso Rivera, Uruguay's first president, organized the final strike of the Charrua genocide, eradicating the last remnants of the Uruguayan native population.[29]. The United States and Uruguay established diplomatic relations in 1867. National extreme temperatures at sea level are, 44C (111F) in Paysand city (20 January 1943) and Florida city (January 14, 2022),[71] and 11.0C (12.2F) in Melo city (14 June 1967). Uruguayan food culture comes mostly from the European cuisine culture. (2011). [16] It ranks high on global measures of personal rights, tolerance, and inclusion issues,[17] including its acceptance of the LGBT community. A 2008 survey by the INE of Uruguay showed Catholic Christianity as the main religion, with 45.7% 81.4%[141] of the population; 9.0% are non-Catholic Christians, 0.6% are Animists or Umbandists (an Afro-Brazilian religion), and 0.4% Jewish. He has worked as an attorney and business executive. The airport can handle up to 4.5million users per year. [33], As a result, Artigas broke with Buenos Aires and besieged Montevideo, taking the city in early 1815. Despite this agreement, Colorado rule was threatened by the failed Tricolor Revolution in 1875 and the Revolution of the Quebracho in 1886. WebIn 1815, Portugal and Britain launched an offensive against Uruguay, and two years later they lower combination high blood pressure medications captured Montevideo and merged Uruguay into Brazil s territory. [25] Uruguayans of many classes and backgrounds enjoy reading historietas, comic books that often blend humour and fantasy with thinly veiled social criticism. WebWife, Julie; four children. [115] Its quay can handle 14-metre draught (46ft) vessels. The formal coalition ended in November 2002, when the Blancos withdrew their ministers from the cabinet,[32] although the Blancos continued to support the Colorados on most issues. Uruguay is bordered by two large neighbors, Brazil and Argentina. A general strike was called in 1992, and the privatization policy was widely rejected by referendum (71.6% against the privatization of telecommunications). Progressive, stable, safe and culturally sophisticated, Uruguay offers visitors opportunities to experience everyday not made for tourists moments, whether In 2012 the sector was estimated to account for 97,000 jobs and (directly and indirectly) 9% of GDP. [25], Abstract painter and sculptor Carlos Pez Vilar was a prominent Uruguayan artist. Uruguay is a founding member of the United Nations, OAS, and Mercosur. [100] Uruguay's exports markets have been diversified to reduce dependency on Argentina and Brazil. [151], In 2001, Uruguayan Sign Language (LSU) was recognized as an official language of Uruguay under Law 17.378. According to one source, around 180 Uruguayans are known to have been killed and disappeared, with thousands more illegally detained and tortured during the 12-year civil-military rule of 1973 to 1985. [25] Besides stressing the importance of upholding spiritual over materialistic values, it also stresses resisting cultural dominance by Europe and the United States. There were confrontations in which police and leftists died. [25] Earlier settlers had migrated from Argentina. The law was voted at the Uruguayan Senate on the same date with 16 votes to approve it and 13 against. As would be expected with its abundance of water, high humidity and fog are common. Montevideo, the country's capital, houses the most diverse selection of cultural activities. Uruguay (/jrwa/ (listen);[10] Spanish:[uuwaj] (listen)), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay or the Eastern Republic of Uruguay (Spanish: Repblica Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. In response to the annexation, the Thirty-Three Orientals, led by Juan Antonio Lavalleja, declared independence on 25 August 1825 supported by the United Provinces of the Ro de la Plata (present-day Argentina). Social spending was reduced and many state-owned companies were privatized. [119][120], The Punta del Este International Airport, located 15 kilometres (9.3mi) from Punta del Este in the Maldonado Department, is the second busiest air terminal in Uruguay, built by the Uruguayan architect Carlos Ott it was inaugurated in 1997.[116]. The first Sanguinetti administration implemented economic reforms and consolidated democracy following the country's years under military rule.[32]. WebEntdecke Uruguay Erstflugabdeckung Montevideo nach Buenos Aires Argentinien 1960 Boac in groer Auswahl Vergleichen Angebote und Preise Online kaufen bei eBay Kostenlose Lieferung fr viele Artikel! Overland trade has increased markedly since Mercosur (Southern Common Market) was formed in the 1990s and again in the later 2000s. [53] The United States and Uruguay have also cooperated on military matters, with both countries playing significant roles in the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti. [36] It appeared that Montevideo would finally fall when an uprising against Rosas, led by Justo Jos de Urquiza, governor of Argentina's Entre Ros Province, began. The highest point in the country is the Cerro Catedral, whose peak reaches 514 metres (1,686ft) AMSL in the Sierra Carap hill range. [25] Other modern Uruguayan writers include Mario Levrero, Sylvia Lago, Jorge Majfud, and Jess Moraes. [104], According to IMF estimates, Uruguay was likely to achieve growth in real GDP of between 8% and 8.5% in 2010, followed by 5% growth in 2011 and 4% in subsequent years. Uruguay Members 102999 Congregations 143 Missions 2 Family History Centers Uruguay won its independence between 1811 and 1828, following a four-way struggle between Portugal and Spain, and later Argentina and Brazil. [143], Political observers consider Uruguay the most secular country in the Americas. Typical dishes include: "Asado uruguayo" (big grill or barbecue of all types of meat), roasted lamb, Chivito (sandwich containing thin grilled beef, lettuce, tomatoes, fried egg, ham, olives and others, and served with French fries), Milanesa (a kind of fried breaded beef), tortellini, spaghetti, gnocchi, ravioli, rice and vegetables. Spain's High Court has approved the extradition to Uruguay of a doctor accused of helping the military torture dissidents during the right-wing military dictatorship in the 1970s, the court said on Monday. [32], Gabriel Terra became president in March 1931. [41] A transition period (188690) followed, during which politicians began recovering lost ground and some civilian participation in government occurred. Although Santana has open borders with Rivera, it's a different jurisdiction. Uruguay hat im Norden eine 985 km lange Grenze mit Brasilien und im Westen eine 579 km lange Grenze mit Argentinien. [167] Despite their early success, they missed three World Cups in four attempts from 1994 to 2006. [136] 50% of new legal residents come from Argentina and Brazil. ", Los 9 temas de Marama y Rombai en el top 10 de Spotify Argentina, "World Cup 2010: Diego Forlan collects Golden Ball award", The FIFA/Coca-Cola World Ranking Ranking Table, "Uruguay "exported" 1.414 football players in the last decade", World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Uruguay, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uruguay&oldid=1134235346. WebUruguay. The Portuguese were the first Europeans to enter the region of present-day Uruguay in 1512. In March 2020, Uruguay got a conservative government, meaning the end of 15 years of left-wing leadership under the Broad Front coalition. [24] Official statistics from Uruguay's Agriculture and Livestock Ministry indicate that meat and sheep farming in Uruguay occupies 59.6% of the land. A wave of bands appeared in Montevideo, including Los Shakers, Los Mockers, Los Iracundos, Los Moonlights, and Los Malditos, who became major figures in the so-called Uruguayan Invasion of Argentina. According to the Economist Intelligence Unit in 2012, Uruguay scored an 8.17 in the Democracy Index and ranked equal 18th amongst the 25 countries considered to be full democracies in the world. [51] Both presidents continued the economic structural reforms initiated after the reinstatement of democracy and other important reforms were aimed at improving the electoral system, social security, education, and public safety. [32] Enlistment is voluntary in peacetime, but the government has the authority to conscript in emergencies. To the southwest is the Ro de la Plata, the estuary of the Uruguay River (which river forms the country's western border). Also notable are Juana de Ibarbourou (18951979), Delmira Agustini (18661914), Idea Vilario (19202009), and the short stories of Horacio Quiroga and Juan Jos Morosoli (18991959). The military government persecuted leftists, socialists, and political opponents, resulting in deaths and numerous instances of torture by the military; the military relinquished power to a civilian government in 1985. [61] In 2020, he was succeeded by Luis Alberto Lacalle Pou, member of the conservative National Party, after 15 years of left-wing rule, as the 42nd President of Uruguay. [41], After the Guerra Grande, there was a sharp rise in the number of immigrants, primarily from Italy and Spain. [170] In 2010, the Uruguayan government enacted measures intended to retain players in the country. [65], Located entirely within the southern temperate zone, Uruguay has a climate that is relatively mild and fairly uniform nationwide. WebUruguay - Uruguay - Results, fixtures, squad, statistics, photos, videos and news - Soccerway. [96][needs update], In 2004, the Batlle government signed a three-year $1.1billion stand-by arrangement with the International Monetary Fund (IMF), committing the country to a substantial primary fiscal surplus, low inflation, considerable reductions in external debt, and several structural reforms designed to improve competitiveness and attract foreign investment. [172] Its national team qualified for the Basketball World Cup 7 times, more often than other countries in South America, except Brazil and Argentina. [97] The Frente Amplio government, while continuing payments on Uruguay's external debt,[98] also undertook an emergency plan to attack the widespread problems of poverty and unemployment. Diego Forln was presented with the Golden Ball award as the best player of the 2010 tournament. The first international match outside the British Isles was played between Uruguay and Argentina in Montevideo in July 1902. [35] The political scene in Uruguay became split between two parties: the conservative Blancos (Whites) headed by the second President Manuel Oribe, representing the agricultural interests of the countryside; and the liberal Colorados (Reds) led by the first President Fructuoso Rivera, representing the business interests of Montevideo. [60], In 2014, Tabar Vzquez was elected to a non-consecutive second presidential term, which began on 1 March 2015. Folk music is called canto popular and includes some guitar players and singers such as Alfredo Zitarrosa, Jos Carbajal "El Sabalero", Daniel Viglietti, Los Olimareos, and Numa Moraes. The 19th-century painter Juan Manuel Blanes, whose works depict historical events, was the first Uruguayan artist to gain widespread recognition. [155], Uruguayan culture is strongly European and its influences from southern Europe are particularly important. Elder Olsen is from Provo, Utah. The Brazilian intervention in May 1851 on behalf of the Colorados, combined with the uprising, changed the situation and Oribe was defeated. WebUruguay. [40] This division of power lasted until the President Jose Batlle y Ordonez instituted his political reforms which caused the last uprising by Blancos in 1904 that ended with the Battle of Masoller and the death of Blanco leader Aparicio Saravia. Since its independence, the country has been known as "Repblica Oriental del Uruguay", which literally translates to "Republic East of the Uruguay [River]". Seasonal variations are pronounced, but extremes in temperature are rare. Colorado Party candidate Jorge Batlle, aided by the support of the National Party, defeated Broad Front candidate Tabar Vzquez. Covering an area of 176,000 sq.km, Uruguay is South America's 2nd smallest nation. [68] The country experiences extratropical cyclones but no tropical cyclones, due to the fact that the South Atlantic Ocean is rarely warm enough for their development. [24] Until 1947, about 90% of the railroad system was British-owned. Download chapter PDF. [132] Several lagoons are found along the Atlantic coast. [157] Nevertheless, a Carlos Gardel museum was established in 1999 in Valle Edn, near Tacuaremb.[158]. The Montevideo Gas Company and the Pluma airline were turned over to the private sector, but the pace of privatization slowed down in 1996. [162], State-run radio and TV are operated by the official broadcasting service SODRE. [91], In 2017, Uruguay signed the UN treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. [53] The economy contracted by 11%, and unemployment climbed to 21%. The Spanish founded Montevideo as a military stronghold in the early 18th century because of the competing claims over the region. Besides football, the most popular sport in Uruguay is basketball. The first permanent Spanish settlement was founded in 1624 at Soriano on the Ro Negro. The Colorados favored the exiled Argentine liberal Unitarios, many of whom had taken refuge in Montevideo while the Blanco president Manuel Oribe was a close friend of the Argentine ruler Manuel de Rosas. The Colorado effort to reduce Blancos to only three departments caused a Blanco uprising of 1897, which ended with the creation of 16 departments, of which the Blancos now had control over six. WebUruguay Montevideo West Mission: 09/18/2022: Salem 12th: 7: Elder Stockton BLACK: Uruguay Montevideo Mission: 8: Sister Sydney Clark: Uruguay Montevideo Mission: 08/16/2021: 9: Uruguay Montevideo Mission: 04/14/2021: 19: Elder Grant Zimmerman: Uruguay Montevideo Mission: Highland: x Missionaries PDF. [111], The tourism industry in Uruguay is an important part of its economy. manufacturing plant. The nation borders Brazil to the east and north and Argentina to the west. [33] Once the troops from Buenos Aires had withdrawn, the Banda Oriental appointed its first autonomous government. "Kaufman, who spoke at the U.S. Congressional Hearings of 1976 on behalf of Amnesty International, estimated that one in every five Uruguayans went into exile, one in fifty were detained, and one in five hundred went to prison (most of them tortured)." On the economic front, the Batlle government (20002005) began negotiations with the United States to create the "Free Trade Area of the Americas" (FTAA). [145] Under the influence of the Colorado politician Jos Batlle y Ordez (19031911), complete separation of church and state was introduced with the new constitution of 1917. [73] Uruguay is a unitary state: justice, education, health, security, foreign policy and defense are all administered nationwide. The system is government owned, and there have been controversial proposals to partially privatize since the 1990s.[126]. The period marked the culmination of a process aimed at a neoliberal reorientation of the country's economy: deindustrialization, pressure on wages, growth of informal work, etc. At the time of independence, Uruguay had an estimated population of just under 75,000. The present-day State Railways Administration of Uruguay maintains 2,900 kms of extendable railway network. WebShore excursions on the first and last day of a cruise are only available for guests who are combining back-to-back voyages to create a longer cruise. [32] Uruguay's early 19th-century history was shaped by ongoing fights for dominance in the Platine region,[32] between British, Spanish, Portuguese and other colonial forces. The dramatic shift, taking less than ten years and without government funding, lowered electricity costs and slashed the country's carbon footprint. This method has been used several times over the past 15 years: to confirm a law renouncing prosecution of members of the military who violated human rights during the military regime (19731985); to stop privatization of public utilities companies; to defend pensioners' incomes; and to protect water resources. A series of economic crises and the political repression against left-wing guerrilla activity in the late 1960s and early 1970s put an end to a democratic period that had begun in the early 20th century,[clarification needed] culminating in the 1973 coup d'tat, which established a civic-military dictatorship. On the map, surrounded by its large neighbors, Uruguay seems tiny, writes contemporary Uruguayan historian and novelist Eduardo Galeano. 3,825 residence permits were awarded in 2009, compared with 1,216 in 2005. On 15 June 1838, an army led by the Colorado leader Rivera overthrew President Oribe, who fled to Argentina. [12] Uruguay is the third-best country on the continent in terms of Human Development Index, GDP growth,[15] innovation, and infrastructure. Other Uruguayan famous songwriters are Jaime Roos, Eduardo Mateo, Rubn Rada, Pablo Sciuto, Daniel Viglietti, among others. [162] Consequently, Montevideo's newspapers, which account for all of Uruguay's principal daily newspapers, greatly expanded their circulations. [24] Since bilateral relations with Argentina are considered a priority, Uruguay denies clearance to British naval vessels bound for the Falkland Islands, and prevents them from calling in at Uruguayan territories and ports for supplies and fuel. [4], Education in Uruguay is secular, free,[152] and compulsory for 14 years, starting at the age of 4. "Eastern Republic of Uruguay" is the official name used in many United Nations publications in English, e.g. [53], President Mujica backed Venezuela's bid to join Mercosur. [99] Some newspapers are owned by, or linked to, the main political parties. Less successfully, they introduced rugby and cricket. [164] Uruguay won gold at the 1924 Paris Olympic Games[165] and again in 1928 in Amsterdam. People on file as opponents of the regime were excluded from the civil service and from education. [150] No political party won a majority in parliament, but the ruling party formed a coalition to pass legislation. [32] The CIA-backed campaign of political repression and state terror involving intelligence operations and assassination of opponents was called Operation Condor. [135] In 2009, for the first time in 44 years, the country saw an overall positive influx when comparing immigration to emigration. [80] Uruguay ranked 27th in the Freedom House "Freedom in the World" index. In 1907 divorce was legalized and, in 1909 all religious instruction was banned from state schools. [131], Uruguayans are of predominantly European origin, with over 87.7% of the population claiming European descent in the 2011 census. The growth, use, and sale of cannabis was legalized on 11 December 2013,[110] making Uruguay the first country in the world to fully legalize marijuana. [83] A rivalry between the port of Montevideo and the port of Buenos Aires, dating back to the times of the Spanish Empire, has been described as a "port war". He was president of the Uruguay Montevideo West. [32] The indigenous peoples' fierce resistance to conquest, combined with the absence of gold and silver, limited European settlement in the region during the 16th and 17th centuries. A dense fluvial network covers the country, consisting of four river basins, or deltas: the Ro de la Plata Basin, the Uruguay River, the Laguna Mern and the Ro Negro. Uruguay has about 1,200km (750mi) of operational railroad track. [25], Tango has also affected Uruguayan culture, especially during the 20th century, particularly the '30s and '40s with Uruguayan singers such as Julio Sosa from Las Piedras. The Mansa is more suited for sunbathing, snorkeling, & other low-key recreational opportunities, while the Brava is more suited for adventurous sports, such as surfing. Uruguay is home to people of different ethnic origins. Neither side gained the upper hand and in 1828 the Treaty of Montevideo, fostered by the United Kingdom through the diplomatic efforts of Viscount John Ponsonby, gave birth to Uruguay as an independent state. The language spoken there is Spanish. WebUruguayans ( Spanish: uruguayos) are people identified with the country of Uruguay, through citizenship or descent. Uruguay is the only country in South America situated entirely south of the Tropic of Capricorn. [18] The country has legalized cannabis, same-sex marriage, prostitution and abortion. [152], Uruguay ranks high on standardised tests such as PISA at a regional level, but compares unfavourably to the OECD average, and is also below some countries with similar levels of income. Religious organization Send message Hi! [42], The Colorado leader Jos Batlle y Ordez was elected president in 1903. Uruguay experienced a major economic and financial crisis between 1999 and 2002, principally a spillover effect from the economic problems of Argentina. [11] It is estimated that at the time of the first contact with Europeans in the 16th century there were about 9,000 Charra and 6,000 Chan and some Guaran island-settlements. The number of union members has quadrupled since 2003, rising from 110,000 to more than 400,000 in 2015 for a working population of 1.5 million.According to the International Trade Union Confederation, Uruguay has become the most advanced country in the Americas in terms of respect for "fundamental labour rights, in particular the freedom of association, the right to collective bargaining and the right to strike. khasiat biji aprikot untuk cyst, michael floorwax obituary, level c pay scale cornell university, Dominant religion is Christianity, specifically Armenian Apostolic [ 126 ] Party candidate Jorge Batlle, by... Colorado rule was threatened by the failed Tricolor Revolution in 1875 and the Revolution the! Has a climate that is relatively mild and fairly uniform nationwide the Uruguayan government enacted measures intended retain. The east and north and Argentina to the west with the country 's years under military rule. [ ]... 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