[18] In the 1850s, settlers began moving into the Beaverhead and Big Hole valleys from the Oregon Trail and into the Clark's Fork valley.[19]. Our university's continued excellence is reliant on the generosity of alumni, friends, parents, faculty and staff. [305] Montana voters amended the 1889 constitution 37 times between 1889 and 1972. Current law allows both hunters and trappers specified numbers ("limits") of wolves and mountain lions. [202], While the largest European-American population in Montana is German (which may also include Austrian and Swiss, among other groups), pockets of significant Scandinavian ancestry are prevalent in some of the farming-dominated northern and eastern prairie regions, parallel to nearby regions of North Dakota and Minnesota. [59] In the wake of ramped-up mine production and the Speculator Mine disaster in June 1917,[59] Industrial Workers of the World organizer Frank Little arrived in Butte to organize miners. Contents 1 Indigenous peoples 2 Louisiana Purchase 3 Lewis and Clark Expedition 4 First settlements 5 Military history 5.1 Fort Benton 5.2 Fort Ellis 5.3 Fort Shaw 6 Montana Territory 7 Indian Wars 7.1 Battle of the Little Big Horn 7.2 Northern Cheyenne exodus It is the second-largest House district by area, after Alaska's at-large congressional district. 624 sqft. Decisions of the court are appealable directly to the Montana Supreme Court. With all water features included, Montanas total area is 147,040 square miles. Montana is one of the largest states in the United States of America. From 1968 through 1988, the state was dominated by the Democratic Party, with Democratic governors for a 20-year period, and a Democratic majority of both the national congressional delegation and during many sessions of the state legislature. Heavy snowstorms may occur from September through May, though most snow falls from November to March. Six of Montana's smaller four-year schools are members of the Frontier Conference. Farmers of Irish, Scots, and English roots also settled in Montana. March 2 March 4, 2023. The first schools were subscription schools that typically met in the teacher's home. Is Montana a good place to live? The largest denominations in Montana as of 2010 were the Catholic Church with 127,612 adherents, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints with 46,484 adherents, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America with 38,665 adherents, and nondenominational Evangelical Protestant with 27,370 adherents. [45] Though the word "honyocker", possibly derived from the ethnic slur "hunyak",[50] was applied in a derisive manner at homesteaders as being "greenhorns", "new at his business", or "unprepared",[51] most of these new settlers had farming experience, though many did not.[52]. In late 1962, missiles assigned to the 341st Strategic Missile Wing played a major role in the Cuban Missile Crisis. Email agent. In addition, there are over 200 unincorporated communities spread across the state. Eastern Montana . In addition, there are over 200 unincorporated communities spread across the state. [292], As of 2010, Missoula is the 166th largest media market in the United States as ranked by Nielsen Media Research, while Billings is 170th, Great Falls is 190th, the Butte/Bozeman area 191st, and Helena is 206th. Everyone wants the money and Billings In May 2006, then-Governor Brian Schweitzer posthumously issued full pardons for all those convicted of violating the Montana Sedition Act. The first constitution was drafted by a constitutional convention in 1889, in preparation for statehood. [8], The name Montana comes from the Spanish word montaa, which in turn comes from the Latin word montanea, meaning "mountain" or more broadly "mountainous country. network. Extensive new constitutional rights for victims of crime were approved in 2016. Subsequent to and particularly in the decades following the Lewis and Clark Expedition, European, Canadian and American traders operated a fur trade, trading with indigenous peoples, in both eastern and western portions of what would become Montana. [12] Cox complained that the name was a misnomer given that most of the territory was not mountainous and thought a Native American name would be more appropriate than a Spanish one. Robinson. 2022 Alpine Motel 909 West Yellowstone, MT 2022 Garden Wall Inn 350 Whitefish, MT 2022 SpringHill Suites by Marriott Bozeman 485 Bozeman, MT from $173/night 2022 Yellowstone Riverside Cottages 386 Gardiner, MT from $107/night 2022 Country Inn & Suites By Radisson 489 They consist of a chief probation officer, one or more juvenile probation officers, and support staff. Federal and state agencies administer approximately 31,300,000 acres (127,000km2), or 35 percent of Montana's land. Under Territorial Governor Thomas Meagher, Montanans held a constitutional convention in 1866 in a failed bid for statehood. [79] The Rocky Mountain Front is a significant feature in the state's north-central portion,[80] and isolated island ranges that interrupt the prairie landscape common in the central and eastern parts of the state. Between many mountain ranges are several rich river valleys. Montanas Official Tourism, Travel & Vacation Info Site If the horizon was endless, where would you go? The state is situated in the Northern Rockies and Plains region in the northwestern United States. The first permanent settlement by Euro-Americans in what today is Montana was St. Mary's, established in 1841 near present-day Stevensville. [256] Montana allows the smallest"Class C"high schools to utilize six-man football teams,[257] dramatized in the independent 2002 film The Slaughter Rule.[258]. According to the Pew Research Center in 2014, the religious affiliations of the people of Montana were predominantly Christian; in the state, Christianity was 65% of the total adult population. [82], The Bitterroot Mountainsone of the longest continuous ranges in the Rocky Mountain chain from Alaska to Mexico[83]along with smaller ranges, including the Coeur d'Alene Mountains and the Cabinet Mountains, divide the state from Idaho. Brokered by 4 Seasons Real Estate. There are no intermediate appellate courts. Lewistown is also surrounded by five mountain ranges. [16] Until the Oregon Treaty of 1846, land west of the continental divide was disputed between the British and U.S. governments and was known as the Oregon Country. Montana has quickly become a coveted travel destination. Montana has quickly become a coveted travel destination. The geographic center of population of Montana is in sparsely populated Meagher County, in the town of White Sulphur Springs. [66] Little's murder and the strikes that followed resulted in the National Guard being sent to Butte to restore order. Montana is a state in the United States. There are five public service commissioners, who are elected on a regional basis. The Water Court adjudicates water rights claims under the Montana Water Use Act of 1973 and has statewide jurisdiction. [198] Other counties with large Native American populations include Blaine, Cascade, Hill, Missoula, and Yellowstone Counties. [171], Average annual precipitation is 15 inches (380mm), but great variations are seen. [184] During the first decade of the new century, growth was mainly concentrated in Montana's seven largest counties, with the highest percentage growth in Gallatin County, which had a 32% increase in its population from 2000 to 2010. The last recorded conflict in Montana between the U.S. Army and Native Americans occurred in 1887 during the Battle of Crow Agency in the Big Horn country. [229], As of 2020[update], the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis estimated Montana's state product was $51.91 billion (47th in the nation) and per capita personal income was $41,280 (37th in the nation)..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}"Personal Income for Montana". The largest reservoir in the state is Fort Peck Reservoir on the Missouri river, which is contained by the second largest earthen dam and largest hydraulically filled dam in the world. Montana has many mountains in the western half of the state. Eastern Montana . Montana has no sales tax, and household goods are exempt from property taxes. New - 6 hours ago. Essential Montana Stay A mix of the charming, modern, and tried and true. Go Find Out Go Find Out, In Montana Montana is the kind of place that, just at the mention of it, sparks curiosity and fuels adventure. [167], The coldest temperature on record for Montana is also the coldest temperature for the contiguous United States. Other rich placer deposits were found at Last Chance Gulch, where the city of Helena now stands, Confederate Gulch, Silver Bow, Emigrant Gulch, and Cooke City. At the state level, the pattern of split-ticket voting and divided government holds. Montana RailLink, a privately held Class II railroad, operates former Northern Pacific trackage in western Montana. The highest observed summer temperature was 117F or 47.2C at Glendive on July 20, 1893, and Medicine Lake on July 5, 1937. [84] Other major mountain ranges west of the divide include the Cabinet Mountains, the Anaconda Range, the Missions, the Garnet Range, the Sapphire Mountains, and the Flint Creek Range. Known as Big Sky Country, Montana is an amazing destination for all those who appreciate the beauty of the great outdoors. This shift continued with the reapportionment of the state's legislative districts that took effect in 1994, when the Republican Party took control of both chambers of the state legislature, consolidating a Republican party dominance that lasted until the 2004 reapportionment produced more swing districts and a brief period of Democratic legislative majorities in the mid-2000s. The United States Census Bureau states that the population of Montana was 1,085,407 on April 1, 2020,[5] an 9.7% increase since the 2010 United States census. Yes, it certainly is for those looking for wide open spaces and easy access to natural wonders like the Rocky Mountains and Glacier National Park, Montana can be the ideal place to raise a family or to start your educational Journey at Montana State University in beautiful Bozeman. With all water features included, Montanas total area is 147,040 square miles. [247] James Willard Schultz ("Apikuni") from Browning is most noted for his prolific stories about Blackfeet life and his contributions to the naming of prominent features in Glacier National Park.[248]. This is a broad outline history of the state of Montana in the United States . [190], On January 3, 2012, the Census and Economic Information Center (CEIC) at the Montana Department of Commerce estimated Montana had hit the one million population mark sometime between November and December 2011. [246], Many notable Montana authors have documented or been inspired by life in Montana in both fiction and non-fiction works. Montana's teacher shortage has improved from the 2021-22 school year. Lewistown is also surrounded by five mountain ranges. View Montana Towns By Population. There have also been long-term shifts in party control. Montana is one of few geographic areas in the world whose rivers form parts of three major watersheds (i.e. When so authorized by the legislature, actions of executive branch agencies may be appealed directly to a District Court. Population (2020) 1,084,225. [199] The state's Native American population grew by 27.9% between 1980 and 1990 (at a time when Montana's entire population rose 1.6%),[199] and by 18.5 percent between 2000 and 2010. Billings The first state governor was Joseph K. Everyone wants the money and Its capital is Helena. The Continental Divide has a considerable effect on the climate, as it restricts the flow of warmer air from the Pacific from moving east, and drier continental air from moving west. Montana is the only state in the union without a modern naval ship named in its honor. Between 1988 and 2006, the pattern flipped, with voters more likely to elect conservatives to federal offices. Archived from the original on April 6, 2016. [167][170], Loma is the site of the most extreme recorded temperature change in a 24-hour period in the United States. Yes, it certainly is for those looking for wide open spaces and easy access to natural wonders like the Rocky Mountains and Glacier National Park, Montana can be the ideal place to raise a family or to start your educational Journey at Montana State University in beautiful Bozeman. Many individuals claiming conscientious objector status from throughout the U.S. were sent to Montana during the war as smokejumpers and for other forest fire-fighting duties.[70]. [222] Also, 15,438 (1.7% of the state population) were speakers of Indo-European languages other than English or Spanish, 10,154 (1.1%) were speakers of a Native American language, and 4,052 (0.4%) were speakers of an Asian or Pacific Islander language. [90][125] The Pend Oreille River forms the outflow of Lake Pend Oreille. It is the fourth-largest state in the United States after Alaska, Texas, and California,[75] and the largest landlocked state. WASHINGTON, D.C. November 7, 1889 The Kerguelen Islands are antipodal to the MontanaSaskatchewanAlberta border. Montana is one of the best spots in North America for seeing wildlife. [210] South Dakota passed similar legislation in 2007, and Wisconsin was working to strengthen its own program based on this modeland the current practices of Montana's schools. Baseball is the minor-league sport with the longest heritage in the state and Montana is home to three independent teams, all members of the Pioneer League: the Billings Mustangs, Great Falls Voyagers, and Missoula PaddleHeads. The lone congressional district has been Republican since 1996, and its Class 2 Senate seat has been held by Republican Steve Daines since 2014. Montana is home to diverse fauna including 14 amphibian,[155] 90 fish,[156] 117 mammal,[157] 20 reptile,[158] and 427 bird[159] species. [11], The name was changed by representatives Henry Wilson (Massachusetts) and Benjamin F. Harding (Oregon), who complained that Montana had "no meaning". The District Courts suffer from excessive workload, and the legislature has struggled to find a solution to the problem. MONTANA: 2020 Census Montana Population Topped the 1 Million Mark in 2020 August 25, 2021 Written by: America Counts Staff America Counts today launches a state-by-state look at the demographic changes the new 2020 Census results reveal. The latest resources and information from the Montana Department of Public Health and Human Services can be found below. Additionally, more than 10,000 invertebrate species are present, including 180 mollusks and 30 crustaceans. Montana Old West Ghost Towns Private VIP Tour - From West Yellowstone MT 2 Bus Tours from $350.00 per adult Indy 650 Snowmobile Rental 7 Rentals from $199.00 per group (up to 2) Combo: Scenic Drive & 2hr Snowshoeing Tour in Glacier National Park 2 Adventure Tours from $375.00 per adult (price varies by group size) Top Attractions in Montana See all Read on for our top 15 places to visit in Montana in 2022. The U.S. Constitution provides each state with two senators. Everyone wants the money and Bozeman Yellowstone International Airport is the busiest airport in the state of Montana, surpassing Billings Logan International Airport in the spring of 2013. The aptly-named Heart of Montana is an outdoor recreation paradise: hunting, fishing, skiing, hiking and biking are just a few of the possibilities for those of you who enjoy the great outdoors. COVID-19 Vaccine Availability by County [203], Montana's Hispanic population is concentrated in the Billings area in south-central Montana, where many of Montana's Mexican-Americans have been in the state for generations. Job openings are down from 2,919 in 2022 to 2,700 in 2023, but there are still more openings than in 2021. Montana's Official State Website - Home Featured Resources Election Results File Your Tax Return or Where's my Refund File Upload for W-2s, 1099s & MW-3s Montana REAL ID File an Unemployment Claim Online Driver License Renewal Education Donation Portal Search for a Job Renew your Professional License Hunting Information Register A Business [168] An area southwest of Belfry averaged only 6.59 inches (167mm) over a 16-year period. Eastern Montana comprises plains and badlands, broken by hills and isolated mountain ranges, and has a semi-arid, continental climate (Kppen climate classification BSk). They say it will stay with you forever. [31][32] Granville Stuart, Samuel Hauser, and Andrew J. Davis started a major open-range cattle operation in Fergus County in 1879. Senators serve four-year terms, while Representatives serve two-year terms. [46] In 1902, the Reclamation Act was passed, allowing irrigation projects to be built in Montana's eastern river valleys. Montana is called the Treasure State because of its immense mineral wealth. It is the fourth-largest state by area, the eighth-least populous state, and the third-least densely populated state. The Democratic Party's strength in the state is gained from support among unionized miners and railroad workers, while farmers generally vote Republican. These steady 2550mph (4080km/h) (or more) winds can suddenly warm parts of Montana, especially areas just to the east of the mountains, where temperatures sometimes rise up to 5060F (10.015.6C) for 10 days or longer. The first gold discovered in Montana was at Gold Creek near present-day Garrison in 1852. Youth Courts have jurisdiction over misdemeanor and felony acts committed by those charged as a juvenile under the law. Montana: Directed by Jennifer Leitzes. [27] In 1875, General Philip Sheridan pleaded to a joint session of Congress to authorize the slaughtering of bison herds to deprive Native people of their source of food. Ranked 45th in population (by the 2010 census) it is 19th in native people,[197] who are 6.5% of the state's populationthe sixth-highest percentage of all fifty states. Montanas Official Tourism, Travel & Vacation Info Site If the horizon was endless, where would you go? State Symbols Official Designations", "St. Mary's Mission in Stevensville designated National Historic District", "Tester Asks Navy to Christen Submarine USS Montana", "Threatened, Endangered and Candidate Species in Montana-Endangered Species Act", "Trapping and Furbearer Management in Montana", "Upper Yellowstone River Mapping Project", "USGS Geonames Search Result-Montana+Stream", "Vermont Remains Top State in Capita per Brewery", "Welcome to the Montana High School Association", "Welcome to the World Ski Joring Championships", "Yellowstone in Winter: Current Management and Planning", List of Searchable Databases Produced by Montana State Agencies, Montana Energy Data & StatisticsFrom the U.S. Department of Energy, Montana State Facts From the U.S. Department of Agriculture, USGS Real-time, Geographic, and Other Scientific Resources of Montana, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montana&oldid=1134416842, States and territories established in 1889, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from October 2020, Wikipedia pending changes protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with possible nickname list, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from June 2014, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from November 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2013, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from October 2020, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018, Articles containing potentially dated statements from August 2021, Articles needing additional references from February 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles with dead external links from February 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from January 2023, Articles with self-published sources from December 2017, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Total employer establishments: 38,720 (As of 2018. [101] The isolated island ranges east of the Divide include the Bear Paw Mountains,[102] Bull Mountains,[103] Castle Mountains,[104] Crazy Mountains,[105] Highwood Mountains,[106] Judith Mountains,[106] Little Belt Mountains,[104] Little Rocky Mountains,[106] the Pryor Mountains,[105] Little Snowy Mountains, Big Snowy Mountains,[103] Sweet Grass Hills,[103] andin the state's southeastern corner near Ekalakathe Long Pines. Many well-known artists, photographers and authors have documented the land, culture and people of Montana in the last 130 years. [55], By 1910, homesteaders filed claims on over five million acres, and by 1923, over 93million acres were farmed. There are junior ice hockey teams in Montana, three of which are affiliated with the North American 3 Hockey League: the Bozeman Icedogs, Great Falls Americans, and Helena Bighorns. [227] At the 2020 Public Religion Research Institute's study, 57% of the adult population were Christian. Impact. [26], Simultaneously with these conflicts, bison, a keystone species and the primary protein source that Native people had survived on for many centuries, were being destroyed. Complicating the wartime struggles, the 1918 influenza epidemic claimed the lives of more than 5,000 Montanans. Montana public health agencies continue to assist communities in responding to COVID-19. [13], As part of the Missouri River watershed, all of the land in Montana east of the Continental Divide was part of the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. In 1855, Washington Territorial Governor Isaac Stevens negotiated the Hellgate treaty between the United States government and the Salish, Pend d'Oreille, and Kootenai people of western Montana, which established boundaries for the tribal nations. [12] This time, Rep. Samuel Cox, also of Ohio, objected to the name. Our university's continued excellence is reliant on the generosity of alumni, friends, parents, faculty and staff. [14][15] The trading post Fort Raymond (18071811) was constructed in Crow Indian country in 1807. [197] Of Montana's 56 counties, Native Americans constitute a majority in three: Big Horn, Glacier, and Roosevelt. Throughout the state, summer nights are generally cool and pleasant. Historic tribes encountered by Europeans and settlers from the United States included the Crow in the south-central area, the Cheyenne in the southeast, the Blackfeet, Assiniboine, and Gros Ventres in the central and north-central area, and the Kootenai and Salish in the west. Democrats hold one of the state's two U.S. Senate seats with Jon Tester. In the reapportionment following the 2020 census, Montana regained a House seat, increasing the state's number of representatives in the House to two after a thirty-year break, starting from 2023.[318]. 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