They were the storm troopers. Yvonne Ritter:I did try to get out of the bar and I thought that there might be a way out through one of the bathrooms. It was a leaflet that attacked the relationship of the police and the Mafia and the bars that we needed to see ended. Marc Aubin Cop (Archival):Anyone can walk into that men's room, any child can walk in there, and see what you guys were doing. Suzanne Poli Seymour Pine, Deputy Inspector, Morals Division, NYPD:Well, I had to act like I wasn't nervous. A sickness that was not visible like smallpox, but no less dangerous and contagious. Original Language: English. American Airlines The Stonewall had reopened. John O'Brien:Cops got hurt. Seymour Pine, Deputy Inspector, Morals Division, NYPD:We told this to our men. In the sexual area, in psychology, psychiatry. Dan Bodner Marjorie Duffield Every arrest and prosecution is a step in the education of the public to the solution of the problem. You needed a license even to be a beautician and that could be either denied or taken away from you. Virginia Apuzzo:It was free but not quite free enough for us. I was wearing my mother's black and white cocktail dress that was empire-waisted. Martha Shelley:We participated in demonstrations in Philadelphia at Independence Hall. It must have been terrifying for them. That's what happened on June 28, but as people were released, the night took an unusual turn when protesters and police clashed. We'll put new liquor in there, we'll put a new mirror up, we'll get a new jukebox." Danny Garvin:There was more anger and more fight the second night. There was the Hippie movement, there was the Summer of Love, Martin Luther King, and all of these affected me terribly. Danny Garvin:With Waverly Street coming in there, West Fourth coming in there, Seventh Avenue coming in there, Christopher Street coming in there, there was no way to contain us. Dick Leitsch:You read about Truman Capote and Tennessee Williams and Gore Vidal and all these actors and stuff, Liberace and all these people running around doing all these things and then you came to New York and you found out, well maybe they're doing them but, you know, us middle-class homosexuals, we're getting busted all the time, every time we have a place to go, it gets raided. We didn't want to come on, you know, wearing fuzzy sweaters and lipstick, you know, and being freaks. View in iTunes. And it's that hairpin trigger thing that makes the riot happen. And I think it's both the alienation, also the oppression that people suffered. The New York Times / Redux Pictures Fred Sargeant:In the '60s, I met Craig Rodwell who was running the Oscar Wilde Bookshop. Before Stonewall 1984 Unrated 1 h 27 m IMDb RATING 7.5 /10 1.1K YOUR RATING Rate Play trailer 2:21 1 Video 7 Photos Documentary History The history of the Gay and Lesbian community before the Stonewall riots began the major gay rights movement. ", Martin Boyce:People in the neighborhood, the most unlikely people were starting to support it. Other images in this film are For the first time the next person stood up. In an effort to avoid being anachronistic . Eric Marcus, Writer:Before Stonewall, there was no such thing as coming out or being out. Milestones in the American Gay Rights Movement. And I raised my hand at one point and said, "Let's have a protest march." It was a way to vent my anger at being repressed. [00:00:58] Well, this I mean, this is a part of my own history in this weird, inchoate sense. To commemorate the 20th anniversary of the Stonewall riots in New York City, activists rode their motorcycles during the city's 1989 gay-pride parade. It was a horror story. Jerry Hoose:The open gay people that hung out on the streets were basically the have-nothing-to-lose types, which I was. That's it. Martha Shelley:In those days, what they would do, these psychiatrists, is they would try to talk you into being heterosexual. Dick Leitsch:It was an invasion, I mean you felt outraged and stuff like you know what, God, this is America, what's this country come to? I mean you got a major incident going on down there and I didn't see any TV cameras at all. Getting then in the car, rocking them back and forth. Gay people were never supposed to be threats to police officers. That night, the police ran from us, the lowliest of the low. America thought we were these homosexual monsters and we were so innocent, and oddly enough, we were so American. Lilli M. Vincenz Ed Koch, Councilman, New York City:Gay rights, like the rights of blacks, were constantly under attack and while blacks were protected by constitutional amendments coming out of the Civil War, gays were not protected by law and certainly not the Constitution. TV Host (Archival):Ladies and gentlemen, the reason for using first names only forthese very, very charming contestants is that right now each one of them is breaking the law. You throw into that, that the Stonewall was raided the previous Tuesday night. They can be anywhere. Leaflets in the 60s were like the internet, today. The award-winning documentary film, Before Stonewall, which was released theatrically and broadcast on PBS television in 1984, explored the history of the lesbian and gay rights movement in the United States prior to 1969. And I found them in the movie theatres, sitting there, next to them. Lucian Truscott, IV, Reporter,The Village Voice:What they did in the Stonewall that night. I would get in the back of the car and they would say, "We're going to go see faggots." NBC News Archives We were scared. Calling 'em names, telling 'em how good-looking they were, grabbing their butts. Barney Karpfinger It was tremendous freedom. In a spontaneous show of support and frustration, the citys gay community rioted for three nights in the streets, an event that is considered the birth of the modern Gay Rights Movement. Janice Flood John van Hoesen Raymond Castro:So finally when they started taking me out, arm in arm up to the paddy wagon, I jumped up and I put one foot on one side, one foot on the other and I sprung back, knocking the two arresting officers, knocking them to the ground. Dick Leitsch:And the blocks were small enough that we could run around the block and come in behind them before they got to the next corner. Because that's what they were looking for, any excuse to try to bust the place. All rights reserved. A person marching in a gay rights parade along New York's Fifth Avenue on July 7th, 1979. Transcript Aired June 9, 2020 Stonewall Uprising The Year That Changed America Film Description When police raided the Stonewall Inn, a popular gay bar in the Greenwich Village section of. And they were gay. They would bang on the trucks. And the first gay power demonstration to my knowledge was against my story inThe Village Voiceon Wednesday. Jerry Hoose:I was afraid it was over. Greg Shea, Legal You see, Ralph was a homosexual. Lucian Truscott, IV, Reporter,The Village Voice:Saturday night there it was. Raymond Castro Before Stonewall. Mafia house beer? Fred Sargeant:We knew that they were serving drinks out of vats and buckets of water and believed that there had been some disease that had been passed. In the trucks or around the trucks. A gay rights march in New York in favor of the 1968 Civil Rights Act being amended to include gay rights. Before Stonewall (1984) - full transcript New York City's Stonewall Inn is regarded by many as the site of gay and lesbian liberation since it was at this bar that drag queens fought back against police June 27-28, 1969. You had no place to try to find an identity. I mean they were making some headway. A word that would be used in the 1960s for gay men and lesbians. It's a history that people feel a huge sense of ownership over. All the rules were off in the '60s. Raymond Castro:If that light goes on, you know to stop whatever you're doing, and separate. Fred Sargeant:When it was clear that things were definitely over for the evening, we decided we needed to do something more. [7] In 1987, the film won Emmy Awards for Best Historical/Cultural Program and Best Research. And Howard said, "Boy there's like a riot gonna happen here," and I said, "yeah." David Carter, Author ofStonewall:There was also vigilantism, people were using walkie-talkies to coordinate attacks on gay men. Martin Boyce:It was thrilling. You know, all of a sudden, I had brothers and sisters, you know, which I didn't have before. Robin Haueter Martha Shelley:Before Stonewall, the homophile movement was essentially the Mattachine Society and Daughters of Bilitis and all of these other little gay organizations, some of which were just two people and a mimeograph machine. Martin Boyce:In the early 60s, if you would go near Port Authority, there were tons of people coming in. There was all these drags queens and these crazy people and everybody was carrying on. You know. Read a July 6, 1969excerpt fromTheNew York Daily News. Do you understand me?". Glenn Fukushima I could never let that happen and never did. John O'Brien:And then somebody started a fire, they started with little lighters and matches. And the harder she fought, the more the cops were beating her up and the madder the crowd got. Scott McPartland/Getty Images There's a little door that slides open with this power-hungry nut behind that, you see this much of your eyes, and he sees that much of your face, and then he decides whether you're going to get in. They raided the Checkerboard, which was a very popular gay bar, a week before the Stonewall. Frank Simon's documentary follows the drag contestants of 1967's Miss All-American Camp Beauty Pageant, capturing plenty of on- and offstage drama along the way. Oh, tell me about your anxiety. Danny Garvin:It was a chance to find love. And Vito and I walked the rest of the whole thing with tears running down our face. When police raided the Stonewall Inn, a popular gay bar in the Greenwich Village section of New York City on June 28, 1969, the street erupted into violent protests that lasted for the next six days. We ought to know, we've arrested all of them. And the Stonewall was part of that system. I never believed in that. Chris Mara, Production Assistants Now, 50 years later, the film is back. Absolutely, and many people who were not lucky, felt the cops. Once it started, once that genie was out of the bottle, it was never going to go back in. I grew up in a very Catholic household and the conflict of issues of redemption, of is it possible that if you are this thing called homosexual, is it possible to be redeemed? One was the 1845 statute that made it a crime in the state to masquerade. I was a homosexual. But, that's when we knew, we were ourselves for the first time. Before Stonewall: The Making of a Gay and Lesbian Community is a 1984 American documentary film about the LGBT community prior to the 1969 Stonewall riots. John O'Brien:I knew that the words that were being said to put down people, was about me. In 1969 the police raided the Stonewall Inn, a gay bar in New York City's Greenwich Village, leading to three nights of rioting by the city's LGBT community. Also, through this fight, the "LGBT" was born. Eric Marcus, Writer:The Mattachine Society was the first gay rights organization, and they literally met in a space with the blinds drawn. There may be some here today that will be homosexual in the future. Franco Sacchi, Additional Animation and Effects It was as if an artist had arranged it, it was beautiful, it was like mica, it was like the streets we fought on were strewn with diamonds. I had never seen anything like that. It said the most dreadful things, it said nothing about being a person. The Laramie Project Cast at The Calhoun School Jay Fialkov Cause I was from the streets. Before Stonewall - Trailer BuskFilms 12.6K subscribers Subscribe 14K views 10 years ago Watch the full film here (UK & IRE only): http://buskfilms.com/films/before-sto. Danny Garvin:Everybody would just freeze or clam up. And the people coming out weren't going along with it so easily. Dick Leitsch:Mattachino in Italy were court jesters; the only people in the whole kingdom who could speak truth to the king because they did it with a smile. Liz Davis It was one of the things you did in New York, it was like the Barnum and Bailey aspect of it. Some of the pre-Stonewall uprisings included: Black Cat Raid, Los Angeles, California, 1967 Black Night Brawl, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, August 5, 1961. Fred Sargeant:Things started off small, but there was an energy that began to flow through the crowd. When you exit, have some identification and it'll be over in a short time." They'd go into the bathroom or any place that was private, that they could either feel them, or check them visually. But I was just curious, I didn't want to participate because number one it was so packed. Martin Boyce:For me, there was no bar like the Stonewall, because the Stonewall was like the watering hole on the savannah. Doric Wilson:In those days, the idea of walking in daylight, with a sign saying, "I'm a faggot," was horren--, nobody, nobody was ready to do that. I hope it was. Things were just changing. He may appear normal, and it may be too late when you discover he is mentally ill. John O'Brien:I was a poor, young gay person. The Stonewall riots, as they came to be known, marked a major turning point in the modern gay civil rights movement in the United States and around the world. He pulls all his men inside. My last name being Garvin, I'd be called Danny Gay-vin. Martin Boyce:And then more police came, and it didn't stop. Pennebaker courtesy of Pennebaker Hegedus Films For those kisses. TV Host (Archival):That's a very lovely dress too that you're wearing Simone. Fred Sargeant:The tactical patrol force on the second night came in even larger numbers, and were much more brutal. One time, a bunch of us ran into somebody's car and locked the door and they smashed the windows in. John O'Brien:I was with a group that we actually took a parking meter out of theground, three or four people, and we used it as a battering ram. One never knows when the homosexual is about. The scenes were photographed with telescopic lenses. and someone would say, "Well, they're still fighting the police, let's go," and they went in. I mean does anyone know what that is? Tommy Lanigan-Schmidt:So you're outside, and you see like two people walking toward these trucks and you think, "Oh I think I'll go in there," you go in there, there's like a lot of people in there and it's all dark. We went, "Oh my God. The cops were barricaded inside. Narrator (Archival):Richard Enman, president of the Mattachine Society of Florida, whose goal is to legalize homosexuality between consenting adults, was a reluctant participant in tonight's program. John O'Brien:There was one street called Christopher Street, where actually I could sit and talk to other gay people beyond just having sex. Jorge Garcia-Spitz Alfredo del Rio, Archival Still and Motion Images Courtesy of And then there were all these priests ranting in church about certain places not to go, so you kind of knew where you could go by what you were told not to do. The term like "authority figures" wasn't used back then, there was just "Lily Law," "Patty Pig," "Betty Badge." Seymour Wishman And we had no right to such. It was narrated by author Rita Mae Brown, directed by Greta Schiller, co-directed by Robert Rosenberg, and co-produced by John Scagliotti and Rosenberg, and Schiller. It's not my cup of tea. Chris Mara Fred Sargeant:Three articles of clothing had to be of your gender or you would be in violation of that law. Ed Koch, mayorof New York City from1978 to 1989, discussesgay civil rights in New York in the 1960s. I have pondered this as "Before Stonewall," my first feature documentary, is back in cinemas after 35 years. Jimmy hadn't enjoyed himself so much in a long time. And the rest of your life will be a living hell. And all of a sudden, pandemonium broke loose. Then the cops come up and make use of what used to be called the bubble-gum machine, back then a cop car only had one light on the top that spun around. Revealing and often humorous, this widely acclaimed film relives the emotionally-charged sparking of today's gay rights movement . Get the latest on new films and digital content, learn about events in your area, and get your weekly fix of American history. There was at least one gay bar that was run just as a hustler bar for straight gay married men. That never happened before. Hear more of the conversation and historical interviews at the audio link. That this was normal stuff. In the Life And the police were showing up. They could be judges, lawyers. Yvonne Ritter:And then everybody started to throw pennies like, you know, this is what they were, they were nothing but copper, coppers, that's what they were worth. Samual Murkofsky The last time I saw him, he was a walking vegetable. They call them hotels, motels, lovers' lanes, drive-in movie theaters, etc. People could take shots at us. So in every gay pride parade every year, Stonewall lives. William Eskridge, Professor of Law:In states like New York, there were a whole basket of crimes that gay people could be charged with. So it was a perfect storm for the police. The film combined personal interviews, snapshots and home movies, together with historical footage. Frank Kameny The severity of the punishment varies from state to state. If you came to a place like New York, you at least had the opportunity of connecting with people, and finding people who didn't care that you were gay. Detective John Sorenson, Dade County Morals & Juvenile Squad (Archival):There may be some in this auditorium. And Dick Leitsch, who was the head of the Mattachine Society said, "Who's in favor?" And they started smashing their heads with clubs. That's what gave oxygen to the fire. Available on Prime Video, Tubi TV, iTunes. Yvonne Ritter:It's like people who are, you know, black people who are used to being mistreated, and going to the back of the bus and I guess this was sort of our going to the back of the bus. And some people came out, being very dramatic, throwing their arms up in a V, you know, the victory sign. You know, it's just, everybody was there. Paul Bosche Danny Garvin:People were screaming "pig," "copper." But I had only stuck my head in once at the Stonewall. You see these cops, like six or eight cops in drag.

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